• Valdeón Baruque, Julio (2003), Alfonso X: La forja de la España moderna, Madrid: Ediciones Temas de Hoy, ISBN 978-84-8460-277-4.
  • Kastilyalı X. Alfonso,[1] Bilgin olarak da adlandırılır (23 Kasım 1221, Toledo - 4 Nisan 1284, Sevilla), 1252-1284 yılları arasında Kastilya kralıydı.[2].
  • Alfonso X of Castilla (1221-1284), also known as “el Sabio”, was a Spanish monarch who ruled the kingdoms of Castilla y León between 1252 and 1284.
  • 1252 yılında ispanya kralı x. alfonso gezegen konumlarını belirlemek için özel bir almanak gelistirmiştir. o zamandan belliymiş ülkenin geleceği.
  • The second is the translation of Ibn al‐Haytham's Cosmography, which corresponds to a type of theoretical interest not all that common in the corpus of Alfonso X.
  • In addition, Alfonso’s court was famous for his literary contributions, for the king was both a generous literary patron and was himself a poet of some distinction.
  • Alfonso X of Castile established a court of culture and learning. His reign oversaw the rise of intellectualism and reforms in Castile.
  • González Jiménez, Manuel Alfonso X el sabio 1252-1284 Palencia 1993. Hillgarth, J.N The Spanish Kingdoms 1250-1516 Oxford1976, 1978 2 vols.
  • Альфонсо X Кастильский. исп. Alfonso X de Castilla. ... 10 текстов кантиг, которые при сравнении с другими отличаются стилем и тематикой.
  • Alfonso’s father, Ferdinand III, conquered Andalusia and imposed tribute on the remaining Muslim states in Spain—Murcia and Granada.