• Toggle the table of contents. Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca). ... Spoken Chinese language of administration during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Mandarin.
  • For the administrative language of China during the Ming and Qing dynasties, see Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca).
  • Mainland China and Taiwan Standard Mandarin is the official language of mainland China and of Taiwan where it serves as a lingua franca for speakers of mutually...
  • Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Mandarin (Late Imperial Lingua Franca) stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures.
  • Mandarin ( geleneksel Çince :官話; basitleştirilmiş Çince :官话; pinyin : Guānhuà ; latife 'resmi konuşma'), Ming ve Qing hanedanları sırasında Çin...
  • In English, "Mandarin" may refer to the standard language, the dialect group as a whole, or to historic forms such as the late Imperial lingua franca.Template...
  • English as a lingua Franca. Mandarin late imperial lingua franca. English is a West Germanic language a Part of the Germanic.