Running was officially born as a sport in 776 B.C.E, in ancient Greece, in the town of Olympia. The first event in the first Olympics ever held was a race. In fact, from its inception to 724 B.C.E., the stadion race was the only competition hosted at the Olympics.
Before that running was mainly used as something of an expedient – a tool that people possessed that allowed them to find food and avoid dangers.