Преступные группировки
- Hop Sing Tong Building, San Francisco Chinatown. A tong (Chinese: 堂; pinyin: táng; Jyutping: tong4; Cantonese Yale: tòhng; lit. 'hall'...
- The Tong later evolved into a fraternal organization as it was more formalized, established dues, and started providing services to members.
- A tong is a Chinese American secret society. Although tongs were originally created for mutual support and protection...
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- a businessman who long headed the Tong On association, was the first time that the leader of such an organization -- or tong -- had been convicted of such...
- Tong (organization). A tong is like a club that people can join. It's usually made up of people who have similar backgrounds or interests.
- The original tongs were benevolent protective associations, an American form of a political-religious organization that originated in 17th-century China.
- TONG is a team of bilingual experts bringing insights, inspiration and ideas from both sides of the world. ... View organization page for TONG, graphic.
- Today, organizations like On Leong and Hip Sing have dropped “tong” from their names and disavowed the “soldiers” who once defended their interests.
- A tong (Chinese: 堂; pinyin: táng; Jyutping: tong4; Cantonese Yale: tong; lit. 'hall')[1]: 53 is a type of organization found among Chinese immigrants predominantly...
- Welcome to Tong (organization) Forum. Thank you for using Forum Jar. Due to a growing number of inappropriate messages on our forums, it has gotten to...
- This is not to say that the five or six Tong organizations that are active today are criminally controlled, but in many cities Tong chapters are certainly...
Tong
Тип организации, встречающийся среди китайских иммигрантов, преимущественно проживающих в Соединенных Штатах, с меньшим числом в Канаде, Австралии и Соединенном Королевстве. В переводе с китайского слово тонг означает "зал" или "место сбора". Эти организации описываются как тайные общества или братства под присягой и часто связаны с преступной деятельностью. В 1990-х годах в большинстве американских Чайнатаунов можно было легко найти четко обозначенные залы тонг, многие из которых были связаны с китайской организованной преступностью.