Условный (тернарный) оператор - единственный оператор в JavaScript, принимающий три операнда: условие, за которым следует знак вопроса (?), затем выражение, которое выполняется, если условие истинно, сопровождается двоеточием (:), и, наконец, выражение, которое выполняется, если условие ложно. Он часто используется в качестве сокращённого варианта инструкции if... else. Синтаксис. условие ? выражение1: выражение2.
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This is a one-line shorthand for an if-else statement. It's called the conditional operator.1Here is an example of code that could be shortened with the conditional operator:This can be shortened with the like so:Like all expressions, the conditional operator can also be used as a standalone statement with side-effects, though this is unusual outside of minification:They can even be chained:Be careful, though, or you will end up with convoluted code like this:1Often called "the ternary operator," but in fact it's just a ternary operator [an operator accepting three operands]. It's the only one JavaScript currently has, though.
var userType;if (userIsYoungerThan18) { userType = "Minor";} else { userType = "Adult";}if (userIsYoungerThan21) { serveDrink("Grape Juice");} else { serveDrink("Wine");}?:var userType = userIsYoungerThan18 ? "Minor" : "Adult";serveDrink(userIsYoungerThan21 ? "Grape Juice" : "Wine");userIsYoungerThan21 ? serveGrapeJuice() : serveWine();serveDrink(userIsYoungerThan4 ? 'Milk' : userIsYoungerThan21 ? 'Grape Juice' : 'Wine');var k = a ? (b ? (c ? d : e) : (d ? e : f)) : f ? (g ? h : i) : j;